The more fear, compulsion, pressure, force and punishment exist in a society, the more certain we can be that that society is less ethical; and the more freedom, justice, moderation, honesty, purity and voluntary truthfulness—not out of fear—exist, the more certain we can be that that society is more ethical and more religious.
Nasser Fakouhi is an anthropologist, professor at the University of Tehran, and founder of the Institute of Anthropology and Culture. He specializes in cultural pathology, urban identity issues, and the cultural history of modern Iran, and has published extensively in these fields.