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Thinkers

A home for every thinker: an introduction and biography, all of Sedanet's articles and videos about them, and official links; all on one page.

861 thinkers · 455 Iranian · 406 foreign

Travel the timeline of thought

Abolghasem FanaeiPhilosophy of religion and ethics Mostafa MalekianEthics and Religious Studies Arash NaraghiPhilosophy of Religion and Ethics Azarakhsh MokriPsychiatry Abdolkarim SoroushPhilosophy of Religion

A sheet from the album of thought · Sedanet's most covered figures

All861 Iranian thinkers455 Foreign thinkers406

Walter Benjamin

Walter Benjamin was a German-Jewish philosopher, literary critic, cultural theorist, and writer who is considered one of the most influential thinkers of the twentieth century. His writings on history, art, modern experience, media, and the critique of capitalism have had a broad impact on critical theory, cultural studies, and aesthetics.

Philosophy of history, literary criticism, aesthetics1892–1940

Walter Terence Stace

Walter Terence Stace was a British philosopher, a professor at Princeton University, and a significant figure in the philosophy of religion and the philosophical study of mystical experience. He is particularly known for his book *Mysticism and Philosophy*, a work that attempted to examine mystical experience with an analytical and empiricist approach.

Philosophy of Religion and Mysticism1 article

Val Plumwood

Val Plumwood was an Australian philosopher and one of the leading figures in environmental philosophy and ecofeminism. By criticizing dualisms such as human/nature and reason/body, she emphasized the connection between domination of nature and structures of social domination, making an important contribution to contemporary environmental ethics.

Environmental philosophy, ecofeminism, social philosophy1939–2008

Voltaire

Voltaire, whose real name was François-Marie Arouet, was a French philosopher, writer, and thinker of the Enlightenment. He was known for defending freedom of thought, religious tolerance, criticizing despotism, and playing an important role in shaping the intellectual climate before the French Revolution.

Enlightenment philosophy, religious criticism, writing and literature1694–1778

Woody Allen

Woody Allen is an American filmmaker, writer, actor, and comedian known for his intellectually sophisticated comedies and for exploring themes such as love, death, identity, anxiety, and the meaning of life. He is regarded as one of the major figures of contemporary American cinema, and his works create a link between humor, psychology, and philosophical concerns.

Filmmaking, writing, and philosophical comedyb. 1935

Viktor Frankl

Viktor Emil Frankl was an Austrian neurologist, psychiatrist, and psychotherapist, and the founder of logotherapy. He is the author of *Man's Search for Meaning*, and his works have been influential in existential psychotherapy and positive psychology.

Psychology and Philosophy1905–1997

Victor Hugo

Victor Hugo was a French poet, novelist, and playwright and one of the most prominent figures of nineteenth-century French literature. Through works such as "Les Misérables" and "The Hunchback of Notre-Dame," as well as his poems and political writings, he played an important role in French Romanticism and social thought.

Literature, novel writing, and poetry1802–1885

Willard Van Orman Quine

Willard Van Orman Quine was an American philosopher and logician and one of the major figures of twentieth-century analytic philosophy. By criticizing the analytic/synthetic distinction, defending confirmational holism, naturalized epistemology, and the theory of ontological commitment, he had a profound influence on the philosophy of language, logic, metaphysics, and the philosophy of science.

Analytic Philosophy, Logic, and Philosophy of Language1 article

Vilfredo Pareto

Vilfredo Pareto was an Italian economist, sociologist, and political theorist best known for his theory of elites and the concept of the “circulation of elites.” He also made significant contributions to mathematical economics and social sciences through his analysis of income distribution and the Pareto principle.

Sociology and political economy1848–1923

Wilhelm Dilthey

Wilhelm Dilthey was a German philosopher, historian of ideas, and theorist of the humanities who played an important role in the development of modern hermeneutics and the methodology of the human sciences. He sought to explain the distinction between the natural sciences and the human sciences through concepts such as “understanding” (Verstehen) and lived experience. His works influenced philosophers such as Martin Heidegger, Hans-Georg Gadamer, and Paul Ricoeur.

Philosophy of history, hermeneutics, and the humanities1833–1911

William James

William James (1842–1910) was an American philosopher, psychologist, and physician, and one of the founders of the school of pragmatism. With works such as *The Principles of Psychology* and *The Varieties of Religious Experience*, he had a profound impact on functionalist psychology and the philosophy of religion.

Philosophy and Psychology1842–19105 articles

William Faulkner

William Faulkner was a major American writer and novelist, and one of the most important figures in twentieth-century modern literature. Known for works such as The Sound and the Fury and As I Lay Dying, he was celebrated for his innovations in narrative, polyphony, and explorations of the human mind, and received the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1949.

Fiction, Modern Novel1897–1962

William Kingdon Clifford

William Kingdon Clifford (1845–1879) was a British mathematician and philosopher known for his work in geometry and algebra, as well as his famous essay "The Ethics of Belief." He argued that believing without sufficient evidence is morally wrong.

Philosophy and Mathematics1845–18791 article

Vincenzo Di Nicola

Vincenzo Di Nicola is a child and adolescent psychiatrist, family therapist, researcher in the philosophy of psychiatry, and full clinical professor of psychiatry at the University of Montreal. He is particularly known for his work in cultural psychiatry, social psychiatry, cultural family therapy, trauma, and the relationship of psychiatry with the humanities and philosophy.

Social Psychiatry and Philosophy of Psychiatry1 article

Eugene Thacker

Eugene Thacker is an American author, philosopher, and media theorist. He is a professor of media studies at The New School/Parsons in New York and has previously worked in the fields of comparative literature, media studies, philosophy of technology, and cultural theory. Thacker is best known for his book In the Dust of This Planet and his intellectual project on the 'horror of philosophy.'

Philosophy of Horror and Philosophical Pessimism

Göran Hermerén

Göran Hermerén (born 1938) is a Swedish philosopher and professor of medical ethics at Lund University. He works in the fields of aesthetics, philosophy of art, and bioethics, and his book *Art and Artificial Intelligence* (2024) examines the possibility of computers creating art.

Philosophy of Art and Medical Ethics

Jurgen Habermas

Jürgen Habermas (1929–2026) was a German philosopher and social theorist, and one of the leading figures of the Frankfurt School. By introducing concepts such as the public sphere and communicative action, he had a profound impact on philosophy, sociology, and liberal democracy.

Philosophy and Sociology1929–20261 article1 video

Josef van Ess

Josef van Ess (1934–2021) was a German Islamicist and one of the most eminent scholars of the history of Islamic theology in its formative period. His six-volume work *Theologie und Gesellschaft im 2. und 3. Jahrhundert Hidschra* (Theology and Society in the Second and Third Centuries of the Hijra) is considered the most comprehensive study of early Islamic religious thought. He was for many years Professor of Islamic Studies and Semitic Languages at the University of Tübingen.

Islamic Studies and Islamic Theology1 article

Jostein Gaarder

Jostein Gaarder is a Norwegian author and former philosophy teacher who achieved worldwide fame by writing philosophical novels. His most famous work, the novel *Sophie's World*, narrates the history of Western philosophy in a fictional and engaging format for everyone and has been translated into dozens of languages.

Philosophy, Fiction

Johann Gottlieb Fichte

Johann Gottlieb Fichte (1762–1814) was a German philosopher and one of the principal founders of post-Kantian German Idealism. Through his system of the Wissenschaftslehre (Science of Knowledge) and his emphasis on the self-positing activity of the “I,” he formed a bridge between Kant’s transcendental philosophy and the absolute idealism of Hegel and Schelling, exerting a profound influence on moral philosophy, the philosophy of right, and German national thought.

German Idealism and Transcendental Philosophy

Johann Wolfgang von Goethe

Johann Wolfgang von Goethe was a prominent German poet, writer, playwright, and thinker, and one of the greatest figures in world literature. Through works such as *The Sorrows of Young Werther* and *Faust*, he played an important role in Romanticism and the transformation of European literature, while also developing influential ideas in aesthetics, the philosophy of nature, and cultural thought.

Literature, philosophy, and humanities1749–1832

Yuval Noah Harari

Yuval Noah Harari is an Israeli historian and author who gained worldwide fame with his books *Sapiens*, *Homo Deus*, and *21 Lessons for the 21st Century*. In his works, he examines human history, the role of shared narratives, the power of technology, the future of artificial intelligence, and the political and ethical transformations of the contemporary world.

Macrohistory and Philosophy of History2 articles

All861 Iranian thinkers455 Foreign thinkers406