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Thinkers

A home for every thinker: an introduction and biography, all of Sedanet's articles and videos about them, and official links; all on one page.

863 thinkers · 456 Iranian · 407 foreign

Travel the timeline of thought

Abolghasem FanaeiPhilosophy of religion and ethics Mostafa MalekianEthics and Religious Studies Arash NaraghiPhilosophy of Religion and Ethics Azarakhsh MokriPsychiatry Abdolkarim SoroushPhilosophy of Religion

A sheet from the album of thought · Sedanet's most covered figures

All863 Iranian thinkers456 Foreign thinkers407

Andreas Wittel

Andreas Wittel is a German social theorist and Senior Lecturer in Social Theory at Nottingham Trent University in the UK. His research focuses on the political economy of digital media, social networks, and non-capitalist alternatives. Through his writings on anarchism, self-organization, and mutual aid, Wittel has introduced this intellectual tradition to the public sphere.

Social Theory and Anarchism1 article

Saint Anselm

Anselm of Canterbury (1033–1109) was a philosopher, theologian, and Archbishop of Canterbury known as the "Father of Scholasticism." By proposing the "ontological argument" for the existence of God and linking faith and reason, he played a foundational role in the history of medieval philosophy.

Christian Theology and Philosophy of Religion1 article

Anne Jeffrey

Anne Jeffrey is an analytic philosopher, researcher, and professor of philosophy at Baylor University. Her main research focuses on ethics, moral epistemology, and moral psychology. Her works analyze the concept of virtue, moral development, and the cognitive evaluation of moral beliefs.

Moral Philosophy and Moral Epistemology1 article

Iris Murdoch

Iris Murdoch (1919–1999) was a British-Irish novelist and philosopher known for exploring ethical themes and the complexity of the human mind in her works. She won the Booker Prize for her novel *The Sea, the Sea*.

Philosophy and Literature1919–19991 article

Isaiah Berlin

Isaiah Berlin (1909–1997) was a British philosopher, historian of ideas, and essayist of Russian-Jewish origin, regarded as one of the leading theorists of liberalism in the twentieth century. He is best known for his distinction between “negative liberty” and “positive liberty” and his defence of “value pluralism” against totalitarian ideologies. His famous essay “Two Concepts of Liberty” is one of the key texts of contemporary political philosophy.

Political philosophy and the history of ideas1909–19971 article

Ibn Khaldun

Abu Zayd Abd al-Rahman Ibn Khaldun (1332–1406 CE) was a Muslim historian, sociologist, and philosopher of history recognized as a pioneer and founder of sociology and the study of human civilization (ʿumrān). Through his masterpiece, the *Muqaddimah*, he elucidated the scientific laws governing social transformations, group solidarity (ʿaṣabiyya), and the cyclical rise and fall of civilizations. The impact of his thought on critical historiography and the social sciences has secured him a distinguished place in the history of human thought.

Historiography, Sociology, and Philosophy of History1 article

Abu al-Ala al-Ma'arri

Abu al-Ala al-Ma'arri was an Arab poet, writer, and thinker of the fourth and fifth centuries AH. Due to his difficult language and critical thought in works such as *Luzumiyat* and *Risalat al-Ghufran*, he is considered one of the preeminent figures of Arabic literature and ethical and religious thought.

Poetry and Moral Philosophy

Epictetus

Epictetus was a Greek philosopher and one of the prominent figures of the Stoic school, born around 55 CE and died around 135 CE. Having begun his life as a slave, he viewed philosophy as a way of living, and his teachings were recorded by his student Arrian.

Philosophy55–135

Epicurus

Epicurus, the Greek philosopher and founder of Epicureanism, was born in 341 BCE and died in 270 BCE. His teachings centered on the pursuit of tranquility, friendship, and freedom from fear.

Philosophy341–270 BCE2 articles

Idriss Jendari

Idris Jandari is a Moroccan researcher, writer, and critic in the fields of political sociology and contemporary Islamic-Arab thought. He is known for his critical examination of cultural transformations, the question of identity, and the critique of modernity in the Arab world.

Political sociology, literary criticism1 article

Edmund Husserl

Edmund Husserl was a German-Austrian philosopher and the founder of phenomenology, considered one of the most influential philosophers of the twentieth century. His thought played a significant role in shaping movements such as existentialism and hermeneutics.

Philosophy1859–19384 articles

Edward Granville Browne

Edward Granville Browne was a physician, Iranologist, Orientalist, and professor of Persian and Arabic at the University of Cambridge. He ranks among the foremost Western scholars of Iranian history, literature, and intellectual movements, and his works have played an enduring role in introducing Iranian culture to the Western world.

Iranian Studies, History, and Persian Literature1862–1926

Edward Said

Edward Said was a Palestinian-American literary theorist, cultural critic, and university professor who is recognized as one of the founders of postcolonial studies. His influential book *Orientalism* had a profound impact on critiques of Western representations of the East and on contemporary cultural, literary, and political studies.

Literary theory, postcolonial studies, cultural criticism1935–2003

Edward O. Wilson

Edward O. Wilson was an American biologist and one of the most influential researchers in evolutionary biology, ecology, and animal behavior. He developed and expanded the theory of sociobiology and, through his extensive studies of ants, had a profound impact on understanding the relationship between evolution, social behavior, and nature.

Evolutionary biology, sociobiology, and ecology1929–2021

Aristotle

Aristotle (384–322 BCE) was an ancient Greek philosopher and one of the most influential figures in the history of thought. He founded formal logic, and his works in philosophy, natural sciences, and ethics served as the foundation of education in the Greek, Islamic, and European worlds for centuries.

Philosophy384–322 BCE6 articles

Ernst Cassirer

Ernst Cassirer (1874–1945) was a prominent German Neo-Kantian philosopher and one of the twentieth century’s most important theorists of the philosophy of culture. He described human beings as “symbolic animals” and, through his philosophy of symbolic forms, offered a new interpretation of culture, language, myth, and science.

Philosophy of culture, Neo-Kantianism, and philosophy of symbolic forms1874–19451 article

Ernst Nolte

Ernst Nolte (1923–2016) was a prominent German historian and philosopher. He is known for his groundbreaking research on fascism and totalitarian ideologies, as well as for sparking the "Historians' Dispute" (Historikerstreit) in the 1980s.

Historiography, Philosophy of History, and Totalitarianism Studies1 article2 videos

Irvin D. Yalom

Irvin Daniel Yalom

Irvin Daniel Yalom is an American psychiatrist, Stanford University professor, and prominent writer known as one of the founders of existential psychotherapy. By focusing on fundamental human concerns such as death, freedom, isolation, and meaninglessness, he created a bridge between existential philosophy and clinical psychology.

Existential psychiatry and psychotherapyb. 19315 articles

Erving Goffman

Erving Goffman was a Canadian sociologist and one of the most prominent figures in microsociology in the twentieth century. By analyzing everyday life, face-to-face relations, impression management, and the social presentation of self, he opened a new horizon for understanding social order at the level of daily interactions. His works, especially *The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life*, *Stigma*, and *Frame Analysis*, remain influential in sociology, anthropology, communication studies, and cultural theory.

Microsociology and Social Interaction1922–1982

Erich Fromm

Erich Fromm (1900–1980) was a psychoanalyst, social psychologist, and humanistic sociologist who was among the prominent figures of the Frankfurt School. He sought to bridge psychoanalysis and sociology, and his works such as *Escape from Freedom* and *The Art of Loving* gained worldwide renown.

Psychoanalysis and Social Philosophy1900–19801 article

Eric Boot

Eric Boot is a philosopher and researcher in the field of applied ethics and law, best known for his research on moral obligations, whistleblowing, and human rights. He has authored valuable articles and books offering philosophical-legal analyses of the boundary between organizational loyalty and the moral responsibilities of citizens.

Philosophy of Ethics and Law1 article

Eric Schwitzgebel

Eric Schwitzgebel is a contemporary American philosopher and professor of philosophy at the University of California, Riverside. He is known for his innovative research at the intersection of philosophy of mind, epistemology, and empirical psychology, particularly his critique of the reliability of introspection and moral intuitions. His works often challenge the unspoken assumptions of analytic philosophy with a lucid, informal tone and bold thought experiments.

Philosophy of Mind, Philosophical Psychology, Epistemology1 article

Erik Wielenberg

Erik Wielenberg is a contemporary philosopher and professor of philosophy at DePauw University. He is known for his extensive research in the field of moral philosophy, particularly his defense of theistic and non-theistic moral realism and his examination of the relationship between ethics and religion.

Philosophy of Ethics and Philosophy of Religion1 article

Erin Marie Saltman

Erin Marie Saltman is a prominent American researcher and analyst in the field of countering extremism, terrorism, and online radicalization. She has served as the former Director of Counter-Extremism Policy at Meta (Facebook) and as Director of the Global Internet Forum to Counter Terrorism (GIFCT).

Extremism, International Security, and Human Rights1 article

All863 Iranian thinkers456 Foreign thinkers407